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Table 4 Factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding, N = 1644

From: Prevalence of and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding among women with children aged < 24 months in Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania: a community-based cross-sectional study

Variable

n

EIBF

n (%)

CPR (95% CI)

P-value

APR (95% CI)

P-value

District

 Rombo

372

273 (73.4)

1

 

1

 

 Moshi urban

170

124 (72.9)

0.99 (0.89, 1.11)

0.914

0.99 (0.89, 1.10)

0.848

 Same

355

226 (63.7)

0.87 (0.79, 0.96)

0.005

0.84 (0.76, 0.93)

0.001

 Mwanga

179

120 (67.0)

0.91 (0.81, 1.03)

0.138

0.92 (0.81, 1.05)

0.203

 Hai

296

190 (64.2)

0.87 (0.79, 0.97)

0.012

0.89 (0.80, 0.98)

0.024

 Siha

272

217 (79.8)

1.09 (1.00, 1.19)

0.056

1.07 (0.98, 1.17)

0.156

Residence

 Urban

365

255 (69.9)

1

   

 Rural

1279

895 (70.0)

1.00 (0.93, 1.08)

0.967

  

Maternal age (years)

 15–24

609

416 (68.3)

1

   

 25–34

734

513 (69.9)

1.02 (0.95, 1.10)

0.533

  

 35–49

298

218 (73.2)

1.07 (0.98, 1.17)

0.125

  

Child age (months)

 0–11

871

607 (69.7)

1

   

 12–23

773

543 (70.3)

1.01 (0.94, 1.07)

0.819

  

Child sex

 Female

814

564 (69.3)

1.02 (0.96, 1.09)

0.572

  

 Male

829

585 (70.6)

1

   

Marital status

 Married

1213

866 (71.4)

1

   

 Single

357

239 (67.0)

0.94 (0.86, 1.02)

0.12

  

 Divorced/widow

72

43 (59.7)

0.83 (0.69, 1.01)

0.07

  

Maternal education

 No formal

56

40 (71.4)

1.09 (0.92, 1.30)

0.324

1.00 (0.82, 1.24)

0.933

 Primary

1020

739 (72.5)

1.11 (1.03, 1.19)

0.005

1.09 (1.003, 1.18)

0.043

 Secondary & above

566

370 (65.4)

1

 

1

 

Employed with salary

 No

1418

1000 (70.6)

1

   

 Yes

224

148 (66.1)

0.93 (0.85, 1.03)

0.193

  

Partner education

 No formal

40

29 (72.5)

1.08 (0.89, 1.32)

0.441

1.04 (0.84, 1.28)

0.743

Primary

849

614 (72.3)

1.08 (1.004, 1.16)

0.038

1.03 (0.60, 1.11)

0.399

 Secondary & above

552

370 (67.0)

1

 

1

 

Parity

 1

565

364 (64.4)

1

 

1

 

 2

428

326 (76.2)

1.18 (1.09, 1.28)

< 0.001

1.12 (1.02, 1.21)

0.011

 ≥ 3

650

459 (70.6)

1.10 (1.01, 1.19)

0.023

1.03 (0.94, 1.12)

0.523

Frequency of ANC care

 < 4

376

255 (67.8)

1

   

 ≥ 4

1254

885 (70.6)

1.04 (0.96, 1.13)

0.319

  

BF counseling at ANC

 No

573

392 (68.4)

1

   

 Yes

1054

742 (70.5)

1.03 (0.96, 1.10)

0.388

  

Place of birth

 Home/others

209

137 (65.6)

0.93 (0.84, 1.03)

0.174

  

 Health facility

1415

999 (70.5)

1

   

Child birthweight (Kg)

 < 2.5

113

72 (63.7)

1

   

 ≥ 2.5

1498

1059 (70.7)

1.11 (0.96, 1.28)

0.154

  

BF support immediately after delivery by provider

 No

611

438 (71.7)

1

   

 Yes

244

166 (68.0)

0.95 (0.86, 1.05)

0.303

  

Prelacteal feeding

 No

1457

1088 (74.7)

1

 

1

 

 Yes

176

54 (30.7)

0.41 (0.33, 0.51)

< 0.001

0.42 (0.34, 0.53)

< 0.001

Child given colostrum

 No

68

40 (58.8)

1.20 (0.98, 1.46)

0.081

  

 Yes

1574

1108 (70.4)

1

   
  1. EIBF Early Initiation of breastfeeding, BF Breastfeeding, HF Health Facility, CPR Crude Prevalence ratio, APR Adjusted Prevalence Ratio