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Table 3 Predictors of exclusive breastfeeding at 4 monthsa

From: Patterns and predictors of exclusive breastfeeding in Chinese Australian mothers: a cross sectional study

Factors

Univariable analysisb

Multivariable analysis

OR

(95% CI)

aOR

(95%CI)

Psychological factors

Feeding intention at birth

  EBF only

1

 

1

 

  Mix feed with formula

0.21***

0.12, 0.38

0.24***

0.12, 0.50

Awareness of EBF recommendation

  6 months

1

 

1

 

  Others (don’t know and ≠6 months)

0.34**

0.20, 0.56

0.40*

0.20, 0.80

Awareness of recommended age to introduce solid foods

  6 months

1

 

1

 

  ≠ 6 months

0.58*

0.35, 0.95

0.48*

0.25, 0.93

BAPT

  Negative breastfeeding sentiment score

0.996**

0.994, 0.999

1.000

0.996, 1.004

  Breastfeeding control score

1.07***

1.04, 1.10

1.07***

1.03, 1.11

  Family subjective norm score

1.02*

1.00, 1.03

1.01

0.99, 1.03

Cultural factors

Language preference

  Predominantly Chinese

1

 

1

 

  Bilingual

1.89*

1.06, 3.35

1.44

0.67, 3.09

  Predominantly English

2.47*

1.02, 5.99

1.25

0.34, 4.60

Socio-demographic factors

 

Employment

  Full time

1

 

1

 

  Part time

1.97

0.98, 3.98

1.61

0.66, 3.91

  Not working or studying

1.60

0.80, 3.20

1.71

0.68, 4.32

Family Incomec

  High ($80,000 and over)

1

 

1

 

  Middle ($50,000 - $79,999)

0.63

0.31, 1.29

0.82

0.33, 2.02

  Low (<$50,000)

0.44*

0.19, 1.00

0.61

0.23, 1.67

  Wish not to answer

1.16

0.59, 2.27

1.25

0.52, 3.05

Length of residence in Australia (years)

1.05*

1.02, 1.08

1.05*

1.00, 1.10

Maternal health and obstetric factors

Mode of birth

  Vaginal

1

 

1

 

  Caesarean

0.53*

0.29, 0.96

0.83

0.38, 1.80

Pre-pregnancy body mass index

0.93

0.85, 1.01

0.99

0.88, 1.11

  1. Abbreviations: CI Confidence interval, OR Odds ratio, aOR Adjusted odds ratio, EBF Exclusive breastfeeding, BAPT Breastfeeding attrition prediction tool
  2. * p < 0.05
  3. **p < 0.01
  4. ***p < 0.001
  5. a Sample size varied were between 262 and 289 due to missing data
  6. b Variables with p value greater than 0.1 in univariable analysis were excluded in the multivariable analyses. These variables were: intention of ‘any breastfeeding’ duration, maternal age, SEIFA, parity, diabetes status, postnatal depression status, child’s gender and birthweight, health professional subjective norm score, traditional postnatal care practise, importance of traditional postnatal care, co-residence with grandparents
  7. c All figures are in Australian dollars