Characteristics | Yes (n = 1823) | No (n = 635) | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Frequency (%) | n | Frequency (%) | OR | (95% CI) | p | OR | (95% CI) | p | |
Household wealth (Ref: 1st quintile) | 1821 | 634 | 0.217 | 0.444 | ||||||
2nd quintile | 803 (44) | 305 (48) | 0.85 | (0.71, 1.02) | 0.94 | (0.76, 1.16) | ||||
3rd quintile | 42 (2) | 14 (2) | 0.97 | (0.53, 1.86) | 1.43 | (0.71, 3.06) | ||||
Mother | ||||||||||
Primiparous | 1821 | 1085 (60) | 634 | 407 (64) | 0.82 | (0.68, 0.99) | 0.040 | 0.79 | (0.62, 1.02) | 0.071 |
Age a (years) | 1822 | 24 (21, 29) | 635 | 25 (22, 29) | 0.98 | (0.96, 1.00) | 0.024 | 0.99 | (0.96, 1.01) | 0.234 |
Ethnic: Other (Ref: Kinh) | 1820 | 4 (< 1) | 634 | 1 (< 1) | 1.39 | (0.21, 27.30) | 0.759 | 1.10 | (0.16, 21.69) | 0.929 |
High education | 1821 | 394 (22) | 634 | 167 (26) | 0.77 | (0.63, 0.95) | 0.016 | 0.91 | (0.69, 1.22) | 0.531 |
Currently married | 1821 | 1811 (99) | 634 | 629 (99) | 1.44 | (0.45, 4.07) | 0.517 | 1.19 | (0.05, 43.13) | 0.920 |
In-paid employment mother | 1821 | 1238 (68) | 634 | 450 (71) | 0.87 | (0.71, 1.06) | 0.159 | 0.87 | (0.69, 1.08) | 0.203 |
Living with others | 1819 | 1806 (99) | 633 | 628 (99) | 1.11 | (0.35, 2.95) | 0.850 | 0.25 | (0.01, 3.56) | 0.359 |
Complication during pregnancy | 1823 | 212 (12) | 635 | 97 (15) | 0.73 | (0.56, 0.95) | 0.019 | 0.86 | (0.65, 1.16) | 0.325 |
HIV and/or Hepatitis B infection | 1823 | 14 (1) | 635 | 9 (1) | 0.54 | (0.23, 1.30) | 0.161 | 0.70 | (0.28, 1.93) | 0.475 |
Father | ||||||||||
Ethnic: Other (Ref: Kinh) | 1820 | 3 (< 1) | 633 | 2 (< 1) | 0.52 | (0.09, 3.96) | 0.488 | 0.57 | (0.09, 4.75) | 0.570 |
High education | 1821 | 495 (27) | 633 | 203 (32) | 0.79 | (0.65, 0.96) | 0.020 | 0.96 | (0.74, 1.26) | 0.778 |
In-paid employment father | 1821 | 1818 (100) | 633 | 631 (100) | 1.92 | (0.25, 11.62) | 0.488 | 2.24 | (0.29, 13.85) | 0.402 |
Infant | ||||||||||
Premature at birth | 1823 | 32 (2) | 635 | 18 (3) | 0.61 | (0.35, 1.12) | 0.109 | 0.72 | (0.38, 1.44) | 0.346 |
Male | 1823 | 925 (51) | 635 | 330 (52) | 0.95 | (0.79, 1.14) | 0.594 | 1.03 | (0.85, 1.26) | 0.744 |
Caesarean section | 1823 | 25 (1) | 635 | 137 (22) | 0.05 | (0.03, 0.08) | < 0.001 | 0.05 | (0.03, 0.08) | < 0.001 |
Low birthweight | 1823 | 75 (4) | 635 | 35 (6) | 0.74 | (0.49, 1.12) | 0.151 | 0.77 | (0.50, 1.23) | 0.276 |
Neonatal complication at birth | 1823 | 21 (1) | 635 | 36 (6) | 0.19 | (0.11, 0.33) | < 0.001 | 0.25 | (0.14, 0.46) | < 0.001 |